Teaching in the Lifelong Learning Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Teaching in the Lifelong Learning - Dissertation Example With the increasing internet usage, these individuals become left out due to lack of the necessary equipment and sufficient knowledge to engage in social media chats. The assessment requirements for the program include a diagnostic assessment aimed at establishing the students’ requirements, a formative assessment aimed at ensuring skill acquisition, and a summative assessment occurring at the end of the program to establish the achievements of the entire program. The various assessments all occur during the program, and ensure that the necessary corrections are included within the program for improvement. The purpose of the assessment is to collect sufficient information to enable the teacher to understand the requirements of the different students. The mental health challenges facing the individuals I teach present them with special educational requirements to understand the content of the various learning programs. An initial assessment is, therefore, fundamental in enablin g teachers to understand the students’ requirements, and to help them develop teaching programs seeking to satisfy these requirements (McMillan, 2009). A diagnostic assessment performed at the beginning of the program determines where the student shall be placed at beginning of the program. As individuals having impairment in cognitive skills, diagnostic assessment enables teachers to determine the beginning level for the various students. This occurs through providing questionnaires to the students at the beginning of the program to assess their cognitive capacity. The students are then placed according to the different cognitive capacities displayed. Principles of assessment The principles of assessment are inclusive of many elements aimed at providing overall efficiency in establishing the outcome of an educational learning program. These principles consider many elements of the students, and their skills as well (Gravells, 2011). The principles seek to offer sufficient ca pacity and opportunities for students to learn through assessment. By understanding the students’ capability, students are challenged to pursue what they do not understand, consequently, increasing their capability to learn. When I will be designing the assessment, I will have to consider the following principles: I will have to consider the relevance, reliability, Validity, practicability and manageability of the assessment criteria (McMillan, 2009). Validity of the assessments ensures that the tasks and criteria of the assessments measure the ability of the students to attain the learning objectives at a suitable level. For example, I may not use an assessment criterion that has extreme expectations from students. The principles have to be reliable for the students and the teacher too. This means that there ought to be a consistency in achievement of the objectives amongst students. The assessment criteria have to be transparent and clear. For example, the criteria have to be straight to the point without bringing confusion. They also have to be relevant to the objective and manageable (McMillan, 2009). Formative Assessment Formative assessment refers to the assessment conducted throughout the program, with an aim of establishing students’ progress and attainment during learning. This usually involves qualitative feedback for both

Should state legislatures be removed from the redistricting process Essay

Should state legislatures be removed from the redistricting process for congress and their own seats and would doing so improve - Essay Example In the US, redistricting is fundamentally political because legislators are responsible to draw electoral districts in many states. Courts have been intervening in the process to a great extent. These aspects of redistricting are inter-related and have made the process highly controversial because the outcomes are mostly prejudiced in favoring one political party over another. Redistricting matters a lot because people’s representatives in the state and federal governments frame regulations, which impact several issues such as taxes, security, prices and the environment in which people live. This paper will examine whether state legislatures should be removed from the redistricting process for Congress and whether doing so will improve the public policy process. Main Body Elections are held at regular intervals in ensuring that people’s representatives work towards welfare activities. All state legislators and many legislators in the Congress represent districts that pa rtition states and voters into geographical regions. In majority districts, voters are eventually represented by legislators that win the maximum votes. The manner in which voters are assembled into districts has a strong bearing on the people that will represent them and the kind of policies they will follow. For instance, a district comprising mainly of farmers will, in all probability elect a legislator who will work towards their cause. But a district that comprises of mainly urban citizens would in all probability elect a person who has different concerns. In similar vein, regions characterized with groups of similar language, ethnicity, race and political lineage will probably elect a person with similar characteristics. Therefore, the manner in which the districts are created can impact the constitution of the legislature. It is thus apparent that there would be different legislators if the districts are drawn in different ways. The process of redistricting mostly draws a lot of attention and controversies are created because the process determines the communities that will be represented and the laws that will be made (Griffith, 2011). Redistricting is resorted to in the United States in reacting to change in populations that are determined by the outcomes of the census. The state legislature is vested with the authority to create redistricting plans that are in some cases subject to the governor’s approval. Every state in the US has its own law and constitutional requirements to redistrict. There are some aspects of the law concerning the federal government that have been introduced following decisions by the US Supreme Court. The Congress established the Voting Rights Act in 1965 that was amended in 1982. The Congress also exerts some control in the context of putting restrictions on the creation of electoral boundaries during the redistricting process. The courts in the US have played a major role in developing and interpreting redistricting laws. Essentially, a redistricting plan should create districts that have a balanced population and should not reduce the say of minority voters. In order to improve upon the public policy process, the redistricting plan should give credence to conventional redistricting issues such as contiguity, density and respect towards political subdivisions and communities (Canon, 1999). According to Halper and Simon (2011), removing state